量子算法
==============

量子算法实践

.. code-block:: python

    from spinqlablink import SpinQLabLink, ExperimentType, Gate, Circuit
    from spinqlablink import print_graph

    def main():
        # Create connection
        spinqlablink = SpinQLabLink("192.168.15.4", 8181, "anyword", "anyword")
        spinqlablink.connect()

        if not spinqlablink.wait_for_login():
            print("Login failed")
            return

        # Register a quantum algorithm experiment
        _, exp_algorithm_para = spinqlablink.register_experiment(ExperimentType.QUANTUM_ALGORITHM)

        # Available quantum algorithm types:
        # - INTRODUCTION_TO_QUANTUM_COMPUTING: Basic introduction to quantum computing concepts
        # - DEUTSCH_ALGORITHM: Demonstrates quantum parallelism with a single function evaluation
        # - BERNSTEIN_VARIRANI_ALGORITHM: Finds a hidden bit string with a single query
        # - GROVER_ALGORITHM: Searches an unstructured database with quadratic speedup
        # - QFT_ALGORITHM: Quantum Fourier Transform, the foundation for many quantum algorithms
        # - HHL_ALGORITHM: Harrow-Hassidim-Lloyd algorithm for solving linear systems
        # - VQE_ALGORITHM: Variational Quantum Eigensolver for chemistry problems
        # - QAOA_ALGORITHM: Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm for combinatorial problems
        
        # Select the algorithm type to run
        exp_algorithm_para.algorithm_type = ExperimentType.INTRODUCTION_TO_QUANTUM_COMPUTING 
        
        # Set the sampling path: -1 for all channels, 0 for hydrogen channel, 1 for phosphorus channel
        exp_algorithm_para.samplePath = -1 

        # Special parameters for specific algorithms
        if exp_algorithm_para.algorithm_type == ExperimentType.GROVER_ALGORITHM:
            # For Grover's algorithm, specify which element to mark as the search target
            # 0 = |00⟩, 1 = |01⟩, 2 = |10⟩, 3 = |11⟩
            exp_algorithm_para.grover_bin = 2

        # Create a quantum circuit for the algorithm
        # This example creates a Bell state circuit: |00⟩ → (|00⟩ + |11⟩)/√2
        circuit = Circuit(2) 
        circuit << Gate(type='H', qubitIndex=0)  # Apply Hadamard to first qubit
        circuit << Gate(type='CNOT', qubitIndex=1, controlQubit=0)  # CNOT with control=qubit 0, target=qubit 1
        
        # Print the circuit structure to console
        circuit.print_circuit()
        
        # Set the circuit for the experiment
        exp_algorithm_para.set_circuit(circuit)
        
        # Run the experiment
        spinqlablink.run_experiment()
        print("Waiting for experiment completion")
        spinqlablink.wait_for_experiment_completion()

        # Get the experiment results
        exp_info = spinqlablink.get_experiment_result()

        # Clean up and disconnect
        spinqlablink.deregister_experiment()
        spinqlablink.disconnect()

        # Process and display the results
        if "result" in exp_info:
            exp_result = exp_info["result"]
            for key, value in exp_result.items():
                if key != "graph":
                    print(f"{key}: {value}")

            print_graph(exp_info["result"])
        else:
            print("Experiment failed")

    if __name__ == "__main__":
        main()

实验参数解析
^^^^^^^^^^^^

- **ExperimentType**: 实验类型，设置实验类型(详情参阅 :class:`spinqlablink.ExperimentType` 类)
- **algorithm_type**: 算法类型
- **grover_bin**: 在Grover算法中,指定要特别指定标记为搜索目标的元素，0 = \|00⟩, 1 = \|01⟩, 2 = \|10⟩, 3 = \|11⟩ [0,1,2,3] 

    .. list-table::
        :header-rows: 1
        :widths: 40 60

        * - 属性
          - 描述
        * - ``INTRODUCTION_TO_QUANTUM_COMPUTING``
          - 量子计算基础实验
        * - ``DEUTSCH_ALGORITHM``
          - Deutsch算法实验
        * - ``BERNSTEIN_VARIRANI_ALGORITHM``
          - Bernstein-Vazirani算法实验
        * - ``GROVER_ALGORITHM``
          - Grover算法实验
        * - ``QFT_ALGORITHM``
          - QFT算法实验
        * - ``HHL_ALGORITHM``
          - HHL算法实验
        * - ``VQE_ALGORITHM``
          - VQE算法实验
        * - ``QAOA_ALGORITHM``
          - QAOA算法实验

- **Gate**: 定义量子门操作，指定门类型和作用的量子比特(详情参阅 :class:`spinqlablink.Gate` 类)
- **Circuit**: 构建量子电路，添加量子门操作(详情参阅 :class:`spinqlablink.Circuit` 类)
- **samplePath**: 采样路径，-1=所有通道，0=氢通道，1=磷通道 [-1,0,1]

实验结果解析
^^^^^^^^^^^^

.. code-block:: 

    {
        "result":{
            "graph":[
                { # step 0
                    "fidRe": [[x,y],...],
                    "fidIm":[[x,y],...],
                    "fftRe":[[x,y],...],
                    "fftIm":[[x,y],...],
                    "lorenz":[[x,y],...],
                    "fftMod":[[x,y],...]
                }
            ],
            "matrix": {  # Quantum state density matrix, containing real and imaginary parts
                "real": [[0.25, 0.25, 0.25, 0.25], [0.25, 0.25, 0.25, 0.25], [0.25, 0.25, 0.25, 0.25], [0.25, 0.25, 0.25, 0.25]],
                "imag": [[0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0]]
            },
            "probability": [0.25, 0.25, 0.25, 0.25],  # Probability distribution of measurement results
        }
    }

- **graph**: 图表数据，包含实验步骤的数据
- **matrix**: 量子态的密度矩阵，包含实部和虚部
- **probability**: 测量结果的概率分布